Seller identity
Is it clear whether a business or private individual is selling?
Modegraf Marketplace Registry · Research Preview
Understand who really sells.
A marketplace is more than a product list. Modegraf makes visible who sells, who takes payment, who fulfils, who resolves returns and what shapes visibility.
0144
real platform profiles
027
business models explained
036
separate review criteria
Profiles are based on publicly available official sources. Review depth describes Modegraf’s knowledge state—not partnership, certification or a quality judgement.
01 · Reading key
Six questions before buying.
Modegraf does not grade a platform with one overall score. Each dimension instead shows the documented information state and its uncertainty.
Transaction party
Who accepts the order and is the legal transaction party?
Ranking disclosure
Are personalisation, advertising and paid placement identifiable?
Price & fees
Are product price, shipping and mandatory fees understandable?
Returns route
Is it clear who handles returns, refunds and problems?
Product evidence
Are origin, material and responsible economic operators evidenced?
02 · Repository
44 marketplace profiles
Ordered by Modegraf review depth, never by commission or paid visibility.
01 · Deep model
Third-party marketplace · Germany · Europe
Zalando
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Curated Partner Program; no open direct application
- Returns
- Zalando or partner, depending on logistics model
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosurePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesZalando · Partnership models Zalando · Logistics solutions
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202602 · Deep model
Third-party marketplace · Germany · Europe
ABOUT YOU
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Registration and seller verification
- Returns
- Seller or ABOUT YOU, depending on fulfilment
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesABOUT YOU · Marketplace
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202603 · Deep model
Third-party marketplace · Germany
OTTO Market
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Individual seller review with formal requirements
- Returns
- Individual seller through the OTTO process
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesOTTO Market · Seller overview OTTO Market · Billing
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202604 · Deep model
Third-party marketplace · Germany · DACH
Avocadostore
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Individual application with sustainability statement
- Returns
- Individual seller; terms are shown with the offer
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidenceDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Official sourcesAvocadostore · Marketplace explained Avocadostore · Seller process
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202605 · Deep model
Peer-to-peer resale · Lithuania · Europe
Vinted
Private seller → platform protection → buyer
Reviewed criteria4/6
See how it works
Individuals sell directly; the platform provides discovery, messaging and often payment protection.
- Admission
- Open membership with platform rules
- Returns
- Seller and buyer within the platform protection process
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidenceUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Official sourcesVinted · Marketplace model
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202606 · Deep model
Managed resale · France · Europe
Vestiaire Collective
Seller → platform service or authentication → buyer
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
The platform intermediates second-hand offers and may manage authentication, payment or shipping.
- Admission
- Member listings with moderation and optional physical authentication
- Returns
- Platform process; route depends on shipping and authentication
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidenceDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Official sourcesVestiaire Collective · Authentication
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202607 · Deep model
Managed resale · Sweden · Europe
Sellpy
Seller → platform service or authentication → buyer
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
The platform intermediates second-hand offers and may manage authentication, payment or shipping.
- Admission
- Consignment with condition and quality review
- Returns
- Sellpy through a central returns process
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesSellpy · About the service
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202608 · Deep model
Curated retailer · Germany · Europe
momox fashion
Buyer → platform as retailer → central warehouse
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
A limited assortment is selected editorially or commercially; the platform is usually the seller itself.
- Admission
- Direct purchase with quality and authenticity checks
- Returns
- momox fashion
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
09 · Structurally mapped
Curated retailer · Germany · Europe
Breuninger
Buyer → platform as retailer → central warehouse
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
A limited assortment is selected editorially or commercially; the platform is usually the seller itself.
- Admission
- Curated buying and selected partner connection
- Returns
- Breuninger or partner, depending on item label
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesBreuninger Digital · Marketplace Breuninger Help · Partner fulfilment
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202610 · Structurally mapped
Boutique & brand network · Europe · global
FARFETCH
Buyer → curated platform → boutique or brand
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
Selected boutiques or independent brands share a discovery and ordering layer.
- Admission
- Selected brands and boutiques
- Returns
- Platform process involving the boutique or brand
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesFARFETCH · About the marketplace
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202611 · Structurally mapped
Boutique & brand network · Denmark · Europe
Miinto
Buyer → curated platform → boutique or brand
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
Selected boutiques or independent brands share a discovery and ordering layer.
- Admission
- Qualifying physical boutiques
- Returns
- Miinto customer service and the relevant boutique
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesMiinto · Brands and boutiques Miinto · Become a partner
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202612 · Structurally mapped
Boutique & brand network · United Kingdom · global
Wolf & Badger
Buyer → curated platform → boutique or brand
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
Selected boutiques or independent brands share a discovery and ordering layer.
- Admission
- Application reviewed by a selection committee
- Returns
- Wolf & Badger through the platform process
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosurePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidenceDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Official sourcesWolf & Badger · About
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202613 · Structurally mapped
Third-party marketplace · Germany · global
eBay
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Open business and private seller accounts with platform rules
- Returns
- Seller; eBay buyer protection may intervene
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosurePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidenceUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Official sourceseBay · Professional selling policy eBay · Buyer protection
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202614 · Structurally mapped
Third-party marketplace · EU · global
Etsy
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria6/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Open shops within creativity and seller rules
- Returns
- Individual shop; Etsy case system for escalation
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Price & feesDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidenceDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Official sourcesEtsy · Seller policy Etsy · Fees and payments
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202615 · Structurally mapped
Off-price & outlet · Germany · Europe
BESTSECRET
Buyer → outlet platform → platform or partner warehouse
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
Past-season or excess stock is sold around price; reference prices require context.
- Admission
- Closed member platform and selected brand partners
- Returns
- BESTSECRET
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesBESTSECRET · Company profile
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202616 · Structurally mapped
Off-price & outlet · Germany · Europe
Lounge by Zalando
Buyer → outlet platform → platform or partner warehouse
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
Past-season or excess stock is sold around price; reference prices require context.
- Admission
- Time-limited, member-based sales campaigns
- Returns
- Lounge by Zalando
Seller identityDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Transaction partyDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Ranking disclosureUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routeDocumented
The reviewed official sources explicitly describe this criterion.
Product evidencePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Official sourcesLounge by Zalando · About
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202617 · Structurally mapped
Search & referral · United Kingdom · global
Lyst
Buyer → product search → retailer or platform checkout
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
The platform aggregates offers for search and either redirects to the retailer or provides a mixed checkout model.
- Admission
- Brand and retailer partnerships
- Returns
- Relevant retailer; depends on checkout route
Seller identityPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosurePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidenceUnclear
This criterion could not be determined clearly from the official sources reviewed.
Official sourcesLyst · About Lyst · How it works
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202618 · Market watch
Third-party marketplace · Germany · global
Amazon Fashion
Buyer → platform checkout → third-party seller
Reviewed criteria5/6
See how it works
Third-party sellers list products; assortment, fulfilment and service may vary by seller.
- Admission
- Open seller registration with category and platform rules
- Returns
- Amazon or seller, depending on the offer
Seller identityPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Transaction partyPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Ranking disclosurePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Price & feesPartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Returns routePartially documented
Official sources describe part of this criterion; details may vary by seller, market or order.
Product evidenceNot assessed
This criterion has not yet been assessed in this research release.
Official sourcesAmazon · Sell in Germany
Modegraf source review · observed 8/2/202603 · EU buying compass
Labels that explain something.
These notes provide orientation, not legal advice or a compliance determination.
TRADER / PRIVATE
Who is selling?
Online marketplaces must indicate whether the offer comes from a trader or private individual.
Your Europe · observed 2026-08-02 ↗DSASellers & product safety
DSA rules cover trader traceability, complaint mechanisms and action against unlawful products.
European Commission · observed 2026-08-02 ↗PAID RANKINGWhy is this shown first?
Paid higher placement must be communicated prominently to consumers.
European Commission · observed 2026-08-02 ↗04 · Modegraf boundary
Repository today. Checkout only after proof.
In Phase 0, Modegraf remains focused on discovery, Product Passports, comparison and Relay handoff. Payment, fulfilment and returns stay with each merchant. A full marketplace would be a later decision requiring fresh legal and operational validation.